What is a Server ?
A: In computing, a server is a computer program or a device that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called "clients"
Server Operating Systems
A server operating system, also called a server OS, is an operating system specifically designed to run on servers, which are specialized computers that operate within a client/server architecture to serve the requests of client computers on the network.
Server Virtualization History
Few people are more aware of that history than Jim Rymarczyk, who joined IBM as a programmer in the 1960s just as the mainframe giant was inventing virtualization.
Mainframe Virtualization
The updates in mainframe security products. From its inception, "virtual" computing has had two distinct meanings. Above the hardware level, a virtual machine (VM) allows one system to split into multiple "machines," each with its own operating system (OS).
Virtualization on x86
x86 virtualization refers to hardware virtualization for the x86 architecture. It allows multiple operating systems to simultaneously share x86 processor resources in a safe and efficient manner.
Server Virtualization Definitions
Server virtualization is a virtualization technique that involves partitioning a physical server into a number of small, virtual servers with the help ofvirtualization software. In server virtualization, each virtual server runs multiple operating system instances at the same time.
Server virtualization is a virtualization technique that involves partitioning a physical server into a number of small, virtual servers with the help of virtualization software. In server virtualization, eachvirtual server runs multiple operating system instances at the same time.
Server virtualization can be defined as the conversion of one physical server into several individual & isolated virtual spaces that can be taken up by multiple users as per their respective requirements.
Hypervisor
A hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM) is computer software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines. A computer on which a hypervisor runs one or more virtual machines is called a host machine, and each virtual machine is called a guest machine.
A hypervisor is a function which abstracts isolates operating systems and applications from the underlying computer hardware.
Examples of this type of hypervisor include VMware Fusion, Oracle Virtual Box, Oracle VM for x86, Solaris Zones, Parallels and VMware Workstation. In contrast, a Type 1 hypervisor (also called a bare metal hypervisor) is installed directly on physical host server hardware just like an operating system.
Hypervisor Types
There are two types of hypervisors: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 hypervisors run directly on the system hardware. They are often referred to as a "native" or "bare metal" or "embedded" hypervisors in vendor literature. Type 2 hypervisors run on a host operating system.
Virtual Machines
A virtual machine is a software computer that, like a physical computer, runs an operating system and applications. The virtual machine is comprised of a set of specification and configuration files and is backed by the physical resources of a host.
A virtual machine is defined as a computer file, typically called an image, which behaves like an actual computer. Their implementations may involve specialised hardware, software, or a combination. An application environment that is installed on software, which imitates dedicated hardware. The end user has the same experience on a virtual machine as they would have on dedicated hardware.
Examples: VMWare, Xen. Process virtual machine: provides a platform for the execution of a single program (process). Example: Linux process, Java VM, .NET VM. System virtual machines: Implemented by a software component called avirtual machine monitor (VMM) or hypervisor.
Virtual Machine Manager
Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) is a management solution for the virtualized datacenter, enabling you to configure and manage your virtualization host, networking, and storage resources to create and deploy virtual machines and services to private clouds that you have created.
Hypervisor Architectures
a hypervisor architecture is the first hypervisor layer of software installed on a clean x86-based system (hence it is often referred to as a “bare metal” approach).
VMware vSphere : formerly known as VMware Infrastructure it is the brand name for VMware's suite of server virtualization products that includes its ESXi hypervisor and vCenter management software. VSphere undergoes periodic revisions and updates to add features, modifications to the application program interface .
Microsoft Hyper-V
Microsoft Hyper-V, code named Viridian and formerly known as Windows Server Virtualization, is a native hypervisor; it can create virtual machines on x86-64 systems running Windows.
Linux Kernel-based Virtual Machine
Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) is a virtualization infrastructure for the Linux kernel that turns it into a hypervisor. It was merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 2.6.20
KVM (for Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V). It consists of a loadable kernel module, kvm.ko, that provides the core virtualization infrastructure and a processor specific module, kvm-intel.ko or kvm-amd.ko.
Multi-Hypervisor Environments
VMware vCenter Multi-Hypervisor Manager is a component that enables support for heterogeneous hypervisors in VMware vCenter Server. It provides the following capabilities to your virtual environment: An integrated platform for managing VMware and third-party hypervisors from a single interface.
Hyper-V might not be replacing VMware's ESXi in the data center, the hypervisor can play an important role as a supplemental tool to help lower licensing costs, support testing environments and more.
Server Virtualization Features
A: In computing, a server is a computer program or a device that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called "clients"
Server Operating Systems
A server operating system, also called a server OS, is an operating system specifically designed to run on servers, which are specialized computers that operate within a client/server architecture to serve the requests of client computers on the network.
Server Virtualization History
Few people are more aware of that history than Jim Rymarczyk, who joined IBM as a programmer in the 1960s just as the mainframe giant was inventing virtualization.
Mainframe Virtualization
The updates in mainframe security products. From its inception, "virtual" computing has had two distinct meanings. Above the hardware level, a virtual machine (VM) allows one system to split into multiple "machines," each with its own operating system (OS).
Virtualization on x86
x86 virtualization refers to hardware virtualization for the x86 architecture. It allows multiple operating systems to simultaneously share x86 processor resources in a safe and efficient manner.
Server Virtualization Definitions
Server virtualization is a virtualization technique that involves partitioning a physical server into a number of small, virtual servers with the help ofvirtualization software. In server virtualization, each virtual server runs multiple operating system instances at the same time.
Server virtualization is a virtualization technique that involves partitioning a physical server into a number of small, virtual servers with the help of virtualization software. In server virtualization, eachvirtual server runs multiple operating system instances at the same time.
Server virtualization can be defined as the conversion of one physical server into several individual & isolated virtual spaces that can be taken up by multiple users as per their respective requirements.
Hypervisor
A hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM) is computer software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines. A computer on which a hypervisor runs one or more virtual machines is called a host machine, and each virtual machine is called a guest machine.
A hypervisor is a function which abstracts isolates operating systems and applications from the underlying computer hardware.
Examples of this type of hypervisor include VMware Fusion, Oracle Virtual Box, Oracle VM for x86, Solaris Zones, Parallels and VMware Workstation. In contrast, a Type 1 hypervisor (also called a bare metal hypervisor) is installed directly on physical host server hardware just like an operating system.
Hypervisor Types
There are two types of hypervisors: Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 hypervisors run directly on the system hardware. They are often referred to as a "native" or "bare metal" or "embedded" hypervisors in vendor literature. Type 2 hypervisors run on a host operating system.
Virtual Machines
A virtual machine is a software computer that, like a physical computer, runs an operating system and applications. The virtual machine is comprised of a set of specification and configuration files and is backed by the physical resources of a host.
A virtual machine is defined as a computer file, typically called an image, which behaves like an actual computer. Their implementations may involve specialised hardware, software, or a combination. An application environment that is installed on software, which imitates dedicated hardware. The end user has the same experience on a virtual machine as they would have on dedicated hardware.
Examples: VMWare, Xen. Process virtual machine: provides a platform for the execution of a single program (process). Example: Linux process, Java VM, .NET VM. System virtual machines: Implemented by a software component called avirtual machine monitor (VMM) or hypervisor.
Virtual Machine Manager
Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) is a management solution for the virtualized datacenter, enabling you to configure and manage your virtualization host, networking, and storage resources to create and deploy virtual machines and services to private clouds that you have created.
Hypervisor Architectures
a hypervisor architecture is the first hypervisor layer of software installed on a clean x86-based system (hence it is often referred to as a “bare metal” approach).
VMware vSphere : formerly known as VMware Infrastructure it is the brand name for VMware's suite of server virtualization products that includes its ESXi hypervisor and vCenter management software. VSphere undergoes periodic revisions and updates to add features, modifications to the application program interface .
Microsoft Hyper-V
Microsoft Hyper-V, code named Viridian and formerly known as Windows Server Virtualization, is a native hypervisor; it can create virtual machines on x86-64 systems running Windows.
Linux Kernel-based Virtual Machine
Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) is a virtualization infrastructure for the Linux kernel that turns it into a hypervisor. It was merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 2.6.20
KVM (for Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V). It consists of a loadable kernel module, kvm.ko, that provides the core virtualization infrastructure and a processor specific module, kvm-intel.ko or kvm-amd.ko.
Multi-Hypervisor Environments
VMware vCenter Multi-Hypervisor Manager is a component that enables support for heterogeneous hypervisors in VMware vCenter Server. It provides the following capabilities to your virtual environment: An integrated platform for managing VMware and third-party hypervisors from a single interface.
Hyper-V might not be replacing VMware's ESXi in the data center, the hypervisor can play an important role as a supplemental tool to help lower licensing costs, support testing environments and more.
Server Virtualization Features
- Reduce capital and operating costs.
- Minimize or eliminate downtime.
- Increase IT productivity, efficiency, agility and responsiveness.
- Provision applications and resources faster.
- Enable business continuity and disaster recovery.
- Simplify data center management.
Virtual Machine High Availability
VMware vSphere HA (High Availability) is a utility included in VMware's vSphere software that can restart failed virtual machines (VMs) on alternative host servers to reduce application downtime.
VMware HA provides high availability for virtual machines by pooling them and the hosts they reside on into a cluster. Hosts in the cluster are monitored and in the event of a failure, the virtual machineson a failed host are restarted on alternate hosts.
Virtual Machine Live Migration
Live migration refers to the process of moving a running virtual machine or application between different physical machines without disconnecting the client or application. Memory, storage, and network connectivity of the virtual machine are transferred from the original guest machine to the destination.
Live migration is the movement of a virtual machine from one physical host to another while continuously powered-up.
Resource Load Balancing
It makes easy for operators to deploy software implementations of these network functions on commodity servers. However, virtual network functions consume different amounts of resources when processing packets. Thus a multi-resource load balancing. (MRLB) mechanism is needed to efficiently utilize server re- sources.
What is the use of load balancing ?
A: Load balancing refers to efficiently distributing incoming network traffic across a group of back end servers, also known as a server farm or server pool. ... In this manner, a load balance performs the following functions: Distributes client requests or network load efficiently across multiple servers.
VMware Fault Tolerance
VMware Fault Tolerance provides continuous availability for virtual machines by creating and maintaining a Secondary VM that is identical to, and continuously available to replace, the Primary VM in the event of a fail over situation. You can enable Fault Tolerance for most mission critical virtual machines.
Cloud Computing and Server Virtualization
Cloud computing is the delivery of shared computing resources, software or data as a service and on-demand through the Internet." Most of the confusion occurs because virtualization and cloud computing work together to provide different types of services, as is the case with private clouds.
NOTE:
*Cloud computing is one of the fastest growing trends in the Information Technology (IT) world. It is a simple concept in which shared resources, including software and applications, are consumed by organisations on-demand from a cloud-based service provider. They are paid for according to consumption in much the same way as water or electricity is bought from a public utility company.
*Today, virtualization can encompass a broad range of resources, including application virtualization, desktop virtualization, operating system virtualization and file server virtualization.
Self-Service on Demand
Cloud computing provides resources on demand, i.e. when the consumer wants it. This is made possible by self-service and automation. Self-service means that the consumer performs all the actions needed to acquire the service herself, instead of going through an IT department.
Resource Pooling
Resource pooling is an IT term used in cloud computing environments to describe a situation in which providers serve multiple clients, customers or "tenants" with provisional and scalable services.
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